Indirekte Rede

In der indirekten Rede wird aus

 He says, „I will be home later.“He said he would be at home later.
 (gegenwartsbezogen)
direkte Rede
(vergangenheitsbezogen)
indirekte Rede


Says und said bezeichnet man als Einführungsverben.

Weitere einführende Verben sind z. B.:
to add, to admit, to argue, to complain, to contradict, to doubt if, to emphasize, to exclaim, to mention, to point out, to promise, to want to know, to wonder if.

Folgende Elemente der direkten Rede passen sich der Situation der Redewiedergabe an:

Bei der Wiedergabe durch eine andere Person verändern sich Personal- und Possessivpronomen
I will travel through Sweden with my friend next month.
He says (that) he will travel through Sweden with his friend the following month.

Zeitangaben werden in indirekter Rede umschrieben.
„I will stop smoking tomorrow.“
„She mentioned that she would stop smoking the next day.“
„Did the pain start yesterday evening?“
„The doctor wanted to know if the pain had started the previous evening.“

Steht bei der Umwandlung von direkter in indirekte Rede das einführende Verb im simple past, findet eine Verschiebung der Verbzeiten statt. Diese Verschiebung orientiert sich an der Vergangenheit (back-shift of the tenses):

direct speechreported speech
simple present
I'm hungry.“

 
present progressive
„We are having dinner right now.“

 
present perfect
„I've never tasted such delicious fish before.“

 
present perfect progressive
„We have been waiting for you for an hour.“

 
simple past
„And we forgot to buy the tea.“

 
going to-future
„Are you going to watch the match?“

 
will-future
„When will you have your surgery?“
simple past
She said (that) she was hungry.
 
past progressive
She said that they were having dinner immediately.

 
past perfect
He exclaimed that he had never tasted such delicious fish before.

 
past perfect progressive
They complained that they had been waiting for him for an hour.

 
past perfect
He added that they had forgotten to buy the tea.

 
was/were going to
He asked if they were going to watch the match.

 
conditional I
She asked when he would have his surgery.


Bei der Wiedergabe von Anweisungen, Bitten und Ratschlägen in indirekter Rede werden Infinitivkonstruktionen verwendet:
„Don't forget your umbrella.“ He told her not to forget her umbrella.

Im folgenden Textauszug wird erkennbar, dass bei der Umwandlung von direkter in indirekter Rede nicht lediglich die Zeitenfolge beachtet werden muss:

Crisp Foundation, made the following speech on opening the new museum:
„Ladies and gentlemen,
I'd like to welcome you to witness the opening of the new Crisp Museum of Modern Art today. There can be no doubt that it is a remarkable addititon to the cultural life of our city and our nation. It is a museum whose intention is to give impetus and encouragement to the young talents among us. Here, no expense has been spared to display modern art under optimum conditions.
I am glad to be here, and I feel honoured to speak in front of such a large number of visitors. I welcome you and all future visitors to enjoy the museum!“
At the beginning of his opening speech at the new Crisp Museum of Modern Art, Dr Miller, the Chairman of the Crisp Foundation, welcomed all visitors to witness the opening of the new museum on that day. He put it beyond doubt that the museum was a remarkable addition to the cultural life of New York and the nation of the U.S. He underlined that the intention of the museum was to give impetus and encouragement to the young talents in society. At the Crisp Museum, he explained, no expense had been spared to display modern art under optimum conditions.
He added how glad he was to attend the opening and to be allowed to speak in front of the large number of visitors who had come for the occasion. He finally appealed to all the visitors present and all future visitors to enjoy the museum.

Einleitendes Verb im simple past

Anpassung der Personalpronomen

Anpassung der adverb. Bestimmung der Zeit


Veränderung der Zeit im Hauptverb

Anpassung der Possessivpronomen
Anpassung der adverbialen Bestimmung des Ortes


 

Veränderung der Zeit im Hauptverb

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