Adverbialsätze
Adverbialsatz des Ortes (adverbial clause of place)
Wherever I looked, I couldn't find my watch.
There were many people at the concert, as far as I could see.
Weitere Konjunktionen: where, wherever, as far as
Adverbialsatz der Zeit (adverbial clause of time)
I'll see you next week, when I come back.
Whenever there is an accident, the ambulance arrives after some time.
Weitere Konjunktionen: when (wenn, als), before, while, until, as soon as, after, whenever, since (seit), as long as, no sooner … than (mit Inversion)
Adverbialsatz des Grundes, der Ursache (adverbial clause of reason)
She was worried because her daughter was late.
Since you object to our suggestions, we'll drop our plans of travelling to America.
Weitere Konjunktionen: for (denn), because (weil) nachgestellt, as, since (weil) vorangestellt
Adverbialsatz der Folge (adverbial clause of result)
The gates were locked so that nobody could enter the stadium.
He played so well that his opponent didn't have a chance.
Weitere Konjunktionen: that, so that, so … that
Adverbialsatz des Zwecks (adverbial clause of purpose)
I took the express train so that I would reach home by 6.30 p.m.
He told me a lie so as to escape punishment.
She took dancing lessons in order to relax after work.
Weitere Konjunktionen: that, so that, in order to/so as to
Adverbialsatz der Einräumung (adverbial clause of concession)
Even though he didn't understand a word, he watched the film to its end.
However poor he may be, he is always in a good mood.
Weitere Konjunktionen: though, although (obwohl), even if, even though (selbst wenn), however (wie auch immer)
Adverbialsatz des Gegensatzes, des Vergleichs (adverbial clause of contrast)
We had to work, whereas they were on vacation.
The darker it grew, the more afraid the boys became.
Weitere Konjunktionen: whereas (während, wohingegen), as … as, as if (als ob), the + Komparativ … the + Komparativ
Partizipial- und Gerundialkonstruktionen
An Stelle von Adverbialsätzen können auch Partizipial- und Gerundialkonstruktionen treten. Beim Gebrauch folgender Konjunktionen sind Bedeutungsunterschiede zu beachten:
As prices for petrol are going up, people do not drive as much. (in der Bedeutung „da“, „weil“)
As we left the house, it began to rain heavily. (zeitlich)
He turned on the car radio as he always does on long journeys. (in der Übersetzung „wie immer“)
Since it had started to rain, they had to continue playing inside. (Konjunktion: „da“, „weil“)
I have not heard from him since my last letter. (Präposition der Zeit)
„Während“ kann mit der Konjunktion while/during einen Nebensatz einleiten:
While some of the boys were playing cricket, others were practising basketball.
Die Bedeutung „während“ kann allerdings auch durch eine Präposition vor einem Nomen erreicht werden:
During the war many people didn't know what to eat.
Hervorhebung von Satzteilen (using emphasis)
Zur Hervorhebung einzelner Satzteile werden im gesprochenen Englisch und in der Schriftsprache so genannte cleft sentences, geteilte Satzkonstruktionen, benutzt. Sie bestehen aus
- der Nennung des betonten Satzteils in einer It is/what is/what does-Konstruktion
- der Satzaussage in einem Relativsatz.
Beispiele für die Hervorhebung einzelner Satzteile
| Subjekt | Mr Graver is the person who is in charge of foreign clients. What makes him so fascinating is the repertoire of roles he plays. |
| Prädikat | What she does is drop hints. |
| Objekt | It is his way of poking fun at other people which I extremely dislike. |
| Adverbialbestimmung | It is by using her brother's ideas that she has become so successful. |
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